What is the future of Li-ion batteries?

Off-grid power supply based on fluctuating renewables such as PV and wind power is also a relevant future area for Li-ion batteries. Energy storage in off-grid renewable energy systems is currently dominated by lead-acid batteries, but on the medium and long terms, Li-ion batteries will emerge as a very competitive technology , , .

Could lithium-sulfur batteries transform electric vehicles?

In particular, electric vehicles could undergo a paradigm shift as lithium-sulfur batteries overcome technological barriers and enter the mainstream. The exploration of alternative chemistries beyond lithium, such as sodium-, potassium-, magnesium- and calcium-ion batteries, presents a wide range of potential avenues.

Could Li-ion batteries be used to power a power grid?

In combination with the electricity grid, Li-ion batteries could support the integration of high shares of photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy in the power mix by providing storage capacity and ancillary services.

Are lithium-ion batteries sustainable?

As a technological component, lithium-ion batteries present huge global potential towards energy sustainability and substantial reductions in carbon emissions. A detailed review is presented herein on the state of the art and future perspectives of Li-ion batteries with emphasis on this potential. 1. Introduction

Are lithium-sulfur batteries the future of energy storage?

Lithium-sulfur batteries (Figure 2), like solid-state batteries, are poised to overcome the limitations of traditional lithium-ion batteries (Wang et al., 2023). These batteries offer a high theoretical energy density and have the potential to revolutionize energy storage technologies (Wang et al., 2022).

What are lithium-ion batteries?

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been at the forefront of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles for decades, driving technological advancements that have shaped the modern era (Weiss et al., 2021).