Why are batteries so expensive?

There are two main drivers. One is technological innovation. We're seeing multiple new battery products that have been launched that feature about 30% higher energy density and lower cost. The second driver is a continued downturn in battery metal prices. That includes lithium and cobalt, and nearly 60% of the cost of batteries is from metals.

How does production capacity affect battery chemistries?

According to this study, with a 50% decrease in the production capacity of the plant compared to the case study (5.3 GWh/year), the final price of the battery chemistries increases by 19.5% at most for the LFP-G and 1% as the slightest change for the LMO-G. Moreover, minor changes in the total cell cost are seen after the capacity of 8 GWh/year.

How much does construction cost affect battery cell cost?

Assuming a 25% increase or decrease in the construction cost of the buildings in the battery manufacturing plant can change the final battery cell cost by, at most, 2.3%, while the same assumption for the labor wage can alter the battery cell cost, on average, by 8.2%.

Why is battery manufacturing a cost sensitive process?

Battery manufacturing is very cost sensitive to the scrap produced due to the high number of process steps and the high share of material costs. The end-of-line scrap rate (x j = A g i n g & F i n a l C o n t r o l) indicates the percentage of rejected parts identified during process step j = A g i n g & F i n a l C o n t r o l.

Are lithium-ion batteries cost-saving?

Cost-savings in lithium-ion battery production are crucial for promoting widespread adoption of Battery Electric Vehicles and achieving cost-parity with internal combustion engines. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of projected production costs for lithium-ion batteries by 2030, focusing on essential metals.

Can new battery materials reduce the cost of a battery?

Although the invention of new battery materials leads to a significant decrease in the battery cost, the US DOE ultimate target of $80/kWh is still a challenge (U.S. Department Of Energy, 2020). The new manufacturing technologies such as high-efficiency mixing, solvent-free deposition, and fast formation could be the key to achieve this target.