How smart supercapacitors are developed?

Various smart supercapacitors have been developed by designing the electrodes and electrolytes of the supercapacitors as well as simplifying the device configurations. This review summarizes the development of smart supercapacitors with self-healing, shape memory, electrochromism, and photodetection.

Are shape memory materials available in smart supercapacitors?

However, still there exist lack of available shape memory materials in smart supercapacitors and their responsiveness is also slow. In addition, the shape memory materials cannot contribute to the capacity, which will degrade the energy density of whole supercapacitor devices.

Are smart supercapacitors self-healing?

Recently, a variety of smart supercapacitors have been successfully designed and fabricated by developing novel functional component materials and device configurations. In this review, we will present the recent developments in smart supercapacitors with self-healing, shape memory, electrochromism, and photodetection functions (Figure 1 ).

Can supercapacitors be smart energy storage devices?

The achievement of smart supercapacitors usually depends on the design of their configurations. However, conventional supercapacitors are mainly designed in button cells or spiral-wound configuration, which are too bulky and heavy to serve as smart energy storage devices.

Are fiber-based supercapacitors better than graphene based super capacitors?

In addition, the fiber-based supercapacitors had a high ED of 8.8 mWh cm −3 at a PD of 49.2 mW cm −3, which is superior to the previously reported graphene fiber supercapacitors. An ideal combination of excellent electrochemical performance and good flexibility was achieved.

What are smart fiber supercapacitors?

Most of the smart fiber supercapacitors are designed in this configuration, because it can be easily integrated with other fiber-shaped electronic devices, such as sensors or solar cells, to achieve multifunctional systems.