How does a front-end reverse battery protection system affect reliability?

With the emergence of new trends in automotive electronics such as autonomous driving, advanced car infotainment systems, system designers are facing new challenges, particularly in designing automotive front-end power systems. The front-end reverse battery protection system directly impacts the reliability of overall system design.

What is the reversible heat change inside a battery?

The reversible heat change inside the battery is given by thecell entropy change, . For a battery with lithium iron phosphate and carbon electrodes the average TΔS = 18 kJ/mol at temperature T = 298 K and 0% state of charge [8 ]. Here Δ refers to 1 mol of electrons produced in the external circuit by the delocalized electrochemical reaction.

What voltage polarity reversal does a storage battery use?

Many self-contained critical electronic systems and subsystems, especially in automotive applications, use a 12 V or 48 V storage battery for the primary power source. To prevent extensive damage during operational life, these systems require the design-in of systems that—at a certain voltage level—provide protection from voltage polarity reversal.

Can a low insertion loss prevent reversal of battery polarity?

To prevent extensive damage during operational life, these systems require the design-in of systems that—at a certain voltage level—provide protection from voltage polarity reversal. This article discusses a method that provides a very low insertion loss at low cost to protect automotive systems from accidental reversal of battery polarity.

What happens if a battery voltage is reverse polarity?

The behavior of the reverse battery circuit with reverse polarity is shown in Figure 7: When the battery voltage is reversed, the voltage between VCP and VBB is zero, the gate-to-source voltage on Q1 is zero, and its source-to-drain diode becomes reverse biased.

How do you test a reverse battery protection circuit?

Experimental tests were performed by applying stepped voltage changes—from 0 V to 12 V and 0 V to –12 V—on the battery under test and observing the performance of the reverse battery protection circuit by monitoring the VBAT, VBB, and VCP signals, as presented in Figure 6 and Figure 7.