How to make a lead acid battery?

1. Construction of sealed lead acid batteries Positive plate: Pasting the lead paste onto the grid, and transforming the paste with curing and formation processes to lead dioxide active material. The grid is made of Pb-Ca alloy, and the lead paste is a mixture of lead oxide and sulfuric acid.

What is a sealed lead acid battery?

The sealed lead acid battery is the most commonly used type of storage battery and is well-known for its various applications including UPS, automotive, medical devices and telecommunications. The battery is made up of cells, each cell consists of plates immersed in an electrolyte of dilute sulfuric acid.

How do you determine the capacity of a sealed lead acid battery?

The industry standard for designating the nominal capacity of a sealed lead acid battery involves a dis-charge test for a given number of hours to a final pre-set end voltage. The average current value multiplied by the hours of discharge time determines the capaci-ty rating of that particular battery.

What happens when a lead acid battery is discharged?

When the lead acid battery is discharging, the active materials of both the positive and negative plates are reacted with sulfuric acid to form lead sulfate. After discharge, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte is decreased, and results in the increase of the internal resistance of the battery.

How a lead acid battery self-discharge?

3.3 Battery Self-discharge The lead acid battery will have self-discharge reaction under open circuit condition, in which the lead is reacted with sulfuric acid to form lead sulfate and evolve hydrogen. The reaction is accelerated at higher temperature. The result of self-discharge is the lowering of voltage and capacity loss.

How to charge sealed lead-acid batteries?

Charging at constant voltage is the most suitable, and commonly used method for charging sealed lead-acid batteries.