Is the new energy battery recycling strategy optimal?

As finite rational individuals 24, the strategy choice of each participant in the new energy battery recycling process is not always theoretically optimal, and the new energy battery recycling strategy is also influenced by the carbon sentiment of manufacturers, retailers, and other participants.

What are the recovery targets for lithium ion batteries?

For all collected lithium-ion batteries, the element-specific recovery targets are 50% of the lithium in a battery pack, as well as 90% each of cobalt, copper, and nickel starting in 2027 (European Commission, 2022b). From 2031, these targets will increase to 80% of lithium and 95% of cobalt, copper, and nickel.

How to promote the recycling of Nev batteries?

Positive and effective incentive policies can promote the recycling of NEV batteries . The government should encourage relevant enterprises in the market to establish a comprehensive recycling system while attracting consumers to actively participate in battery recycling.

Can new-energy vehicle power batteries be recycled?

The recycling of new-energy vehicle power batteries is a complex system problem that involves social, economic, environmental, and other aspects. The effect of each strategy and whether it is effective in the medium and long term must be explored.

Are end-of-life electric vehicle batteries recyclable?

Due to the natural time lag between new vehicle sales and their eventual disposal, there are currently only limited numbers of end-of-life electric vehicle batteries for reuse and recycling.

How many batteries will be repurposed in 2050?

An estimated 1.2 million batteries from light- and heavy-duty BEVs and PHEVs will reach their end of life in the year 2030 globally, rising to 14 million in 2040, and 50 million in 2050, making this a critical time to create a supportive policy environment for the reuse and recycling of these batteries.