Why is safety important for a dual ion battery?

Safety is an important parameter for practical applications of batteries, especially for the dual-ion batteries with organic carbonate based electrolytes, as most of them feature a high operating voltage and suffer from the potential safety hazards.

Are dual-ion batteries a good choice?

Among all available candidates, dual-ion batteries (DIBs) have drawn tremendous attention in the past few years from both academic and industrial battery communities because of their fascinating advantages of high working voltage, excellent safety, and environmental friendliness.

Are dual-ion batteries a good alternative to LIBS?

Among them, dual-ion batteries (DIBs) have been regarded as one of the most appealing alternatives to LIBs with intriguing features of high operating voltage, fast intercala-tion kinetics, and cost-eficiency [16–20].

Are cations and anions active materials in a dual-ion system?

On the other hand, the cations and anions in the electrolyte can be regarded as the active materials in the dual-ion systems according to the working mechanism of DIBs. Strategies based on optimizing the electrolyte, such as by using anions with smaller size and high oxidative stability, could be implemented to enhance the capacity.

What is a dual-ion battery (Dib)?

Recently, the dual-ion battery (DIB) technology has gained much attention in the battery research community, as this emerging storage technology is considered to have benefits in terms of material availability and sustainability, as well as cost and safety, compared with LIBs.

What is the reversible capacity of a dual ion cell?

Upon cycling in 3 M NaPF6-based non-aqueous electrolyte at cur-rent densities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 A g−1, the dual-ion cell delivers reversible capacities of 214.2, 207.8, 195.9, 175.8, 150.2 and 100.9 mAh g−1, respectively (Fig. 3c).