Why is battery recycling so difficult?

However, the daily operation of batteries also contributes to such emission, which is largely disregarded by both the vendor as well as the public. Besides, recycling and recovering the degraded batteries have proved to be difficult, mostly due to logistical issues, lack of supporting policies, and low ROI.

How can batteries be sustainable?

Undeniably, securing sustainability in batteries should not focus only on the end of life (EoL) but throughout the life cycle of the batteries. Additionally, the responsibility of establishing circularity in batteries should not depend solely on industries and producers but should involve consumers as well.

Can EV batteries be reused?

Reuse, the second-life application, is to disassemble and repurpose spent EV batteries and use them in renewable energy technologies as 80–85 % of their original energy capacity still remains . After the reuse process, spent batteries having undesired performance can be recycled to extract the valuable minerals and metals .

Why do we need a battery sustainability study?

Such studies are important to develop a deeper and broader understanding of the risks endangering the supply sustainability of battery minerals at the regional and global levels. Anahita Jannesar Niri: Conceptualisation, investigation, and writing – original draft. Gregory A. Poelzer: Investigation, and writing– review and editing.

Should batteries be recycled?

In China, battery manufacturers, based on a provisional measure, have to create the closed loop of batteries . In European countries, by 2030, the recycled resources should account for 15 % of the annual consumption .

Should batteries be repurposed?

Consumers need to be taught to hold responsibility for the waste they generate. Once again, supporting policies are required to ensure that the public is encouraged to recycle or recover the degraded batteries. Exciting policies have been in place for other merchandise.