Are battery efficiencies dependent on charging/discharging power?

Majority of such battery models ignore dependency of the charging/discharging efficiency on the charging/discharging power rate and instead use a constant efficiency over the entire range of power rates. This paper presents a method for obtaining individual one-way charging and discharging efficiencies dependent on the charging/discharging power.

How does accelerated battery degradation affect a V2G strategy?

This includes both the cost of energy utilized and the cost of battery degradation. Electric batteries degrade over time, and repeated charging and discharging speeds up the process. As a result, when contemplating a V2G strategy in which the battery may be charged and discharged repeatedly, accelerated degradation costs must be factored in.

What factors affect the loss of a battery?

Loss in the battery and in PEU depends on both current and battery SOC. Quantitatively, the PEU is responsible for the largest amount of loss, which varies widely based on the two aforementioned factors. In this section, engineering solutions for reducing losses are explored.

What happens when a battery is charged or discharged?

Whenever a battery is either charged or discharged, some energy is lost. These losses are associated with the battery’s internal resistance of the electrodes and electrolyte, manifesting mostly as heat dissipation. Quantification of these losses is called battery efficiency.

What is the difference between charging and discharging a battery?

Each charging is performed in the constant-power mode and is terminated as soon as the declared battery high voltage limit is reached. Each discharging is performed in the constant-power mode and is terminated as soon as the declared battery low voltage limit is reached. Each cycle is performed at room temperature.

Is battery degradation a barrier to EV participation in V2G?

Since batteries are one of the most important and costly components of EVs, the cost of battery degradation influences the economic benefits of smart EV charging and discharging. As a result, EV battery degradation is widely acknowledged as a significant barrier to EV participation in the V2G phase.